Awards
| Year | Award | Category | Movie | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2006 | Austin Film Critics | Best Supporting Actor | The Departed | Won |
| 2006 | British Academy of Film and Television Arts | Best Supporting Actor | The Departed | Nominated |
| 2006 | Broadcast Film Critics Association | Best Supporting Actor | The Departed | Nominated |
| 2006 | Chicago Film Critics Association | Best Supporting Actor | The Departed | Nominated |
| 2006 | Golden Globes | Best Performance by an Actor in a Supporting Role in a Motion Picture | The Departed | Nominated |
| 2006 | Online Film Critics Association | Best Supporting Actor | The Departed | Nominated |
| 2006 | Phoenix Film Critics Association | Best Supporting Actor | The Departed | Won |
| 2006 | Satellite Awards | Best Supporting Actor | The Departed | Nominated |
| 2003 | Broadcast Film Critics Association | Best Actor | About Schmidt | Won |
| 2003 | Golden Globes | Best Performance by an Actor in a Motion Picture - Musical or Comedy | Something's Gotta Give | Nominated |
| 2002 | Academy Awards | Best Actor | About Schmidt | Nominated |
| 2002 | Broadcast Film Critics Association | Best Actor | About Schmidt | Nominated |
| 2002 | Golden Globes | Best Performance by an Actor in a Motion Picture - Drama | About Schmidt | Won |
| 2002 | Los Angeles Film Critics Association | Best Actor | About Schmidt | Won |
| 2002 | Screen Actors Guild | Best Actor | About Schmidt | Nominated |
| 2002 | Toronto Film Critics Association | Best Actor - Runner-up | About Schmidt | Won |
| 2001 | Toronto Film Critics Association | Best Actor - Runner-up | The Pledge (2001) | Won |
| 1997 | Academy Awards | Best Actor | As Good As It Gets | Won |
| 1997 | Broadcast Film Critics Association | Best Actor | As Good As It Gets | Won |
| 1997 | Golden Globes | Best Performance by an Actor in a Motion Picture - Musical or Comedy | As Good As It Gets | Won |
| 1997 | National Board of Review | Best Actor | As Good As It Gets | Won |
| 1997 | Screen Actors Guild | Best Actor | As Good As It Gets | Won |
| 1997 | Toronto Film Critics Association | Best Actor - Runner-up | As Good As It Gets | Won |
| 1992 | Academy Awards | Best Supporting Actor | A Few Good Men | Nominated |
| 1992 | Golden Globes | Best Performance by an Actor in a Supporting Role in a Motion Picture | A Few Good Men | Nominated |
| 1992 | Golden Globes | Best Performance by an Actor in a Motion Picture - Musical or Comedy | Hoffa | Nominated |
| 1992 | National Board of Review | Best Supporting Actor | A Few Good Men | Won |
| 1989 | Golden Globes | Best Performance by an Actor in a Motion Picture - Musical or Comedy | Batman (1989) | Nominated |
| 1987 | Academy Awards | Best Actor | Ironweed | Nominated |
| 1987 | New York Film Critics Circle | Best Actor | Broadcast News | Won |
| 1987 | New York Film Critics Circle | Best Actor | Ironweed | Won |
| 1987 | New York Film Critics Circle | Best Actor | The Witches of Eastwick | Won |
| 1986 | Los Angeles Film Critics Association | Best Actor | Ironweed | Won |
| 1986 | Los Angeles Film Critics Association | Best Actor | The Witches of Eastwick | Won |
| 1985 | Academy Awards | Best Actor | Prizzi's Honor | Nominated |
| 1985 | Golden Globes | Best Performance by an Actor in a Motion Picture - Musical or Comedy | Prizzi's Honor | Won |
| 1985 | New York Film Critics Circle | Best Actor | Prizzi's Honor | Won |
| 1983 | Academy Awards | Best Supporting Actor | Terms of Endearment | Won |
| 1983 | Golden Globes | Best Performance by an Actor in a Supporting Role in a Motion Picture | Terms of Endearment | Won |
| 1983 | Los Angeles Film Critics Association | Best Supporting Actor | Terms of Endearment | Won |
| 1983 | National Board of Review | Best Supporting Actor | Terms of Endearment | Won |
| 1983 | New York Film Critics Circle | Best Supporting Actor | Terms of Endearment | Won |
| 1982 | British Academy of Film and Television Arts | Best Supporting Actor | Reds | Won |
| 1981 | Academy Awards | Best Supporting Actor | Reds | Nominated |
| 1981 | Golden Globes | Best Performance by an Actor in a Supporting Role in a Motion Picture | Reds | Nominated |
| 1981 | National Board of Review | Best Supporting Actor | Reds | Won |
| 1976 | British Academy of Film and Television Arts | Best Actor | One Flew Over The Cuckoo's Nest | Won |
| 1975 | Academy Awards | Best Actor | One Flew Over The Cuckoo's Nest | Won |
| 1975 | Golden Globes | Best Performance by an Actor in a Motion Picture - Drama | One Flew Over The Cuckoo's Nest | Won |
| 1975 | National Board of Review | Best Actor | One Flew Over The Cuckoo's Nest | Won |
| 1975 | National Society of Film Critics | Best Actor | One Flew Over The Cuckoo's Nest | Won |
| 1975 | New York Film Critics Circle | Best Actor | One Flew Over The Cuckoo's Nest | Won |
| 1974 | Academy Awards | Best Actor | Chinatown (1974) | Nominated |
| 1974 | British Academy of Film and Television Arts | Best Actor | Chinatown (1974) | Won |
| 1974 | British Academy of Film and Television Arts | Best Actor | The Last Detail | Won |
| 1974 | Cannes Film Festival | Best Actor | The Last Detail | Won |
| 1974 | Golden Globes | Best Performance by an Actor in a Motion Picture - Drama | Chinatown (1974) | Won |
| 1974 | National Society of Film Critics | Best Actor | Chinatown (1974) | Won |
| 1974 | National Society of Film Critics | Best Actor | The Last Detail | Won |
| 1974 | New York Film Critics Circle | Best Actor | Chinatown (1974) | Won |
| 1974 | New York Film Critics Circle | Best Actor | The Last Detail | Won |
| 1973 | Academy Awards | Best Actor | The Last Detail | Nominated |
| 1973 | Golden Globes | Best Performance by an Actor in a Motion Picture - Drama | The Last Detail | Nominated |
| 1971 | Golden Globes | Best Performance by an Actor in a Motion Picture - Drama | Carnal Knowledge | Nominated |
| 1970 | Academy Awards | Best Actor | Five Easy Pieces | Nominated |
| 1970 | Golden Globes | Best Performance by an Actor in a Motion Picture - Drama | Five Easy Pieces | Nominated |
| 1969 | Academy Awards | Best Supporting Actor | Easy Rider (1969) | Nominated |
| 1969 | Golden Globes | Best Performance by an Actor in a Supporting Role in a Motion Picture | Easy Rider (1969) | Nominated |
| 1969 | New York Film Critics Circle | Best Supporting Actor | Easy Rider (1969) | Won |
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